Back to Research Areas
Public Space, Open Space and Spatial Sensing
RESEARCH AREA 023

Public Space, Open Space and Spatial Sensing

Research on public space, open space and spatial sensing across 2020-2024.

Research Scope

This research direction brings together 8 outputs published between 2020-2024 on public space, open space and spatial sensing. The collection develops research across public space, open space, spatial sensing, connecting conceptual inquiry, data and analytical methods, empirical evidence, and applications in urban planning and spatial governance.

  • Public Space
  • Open Space
  • Spatial Sensing
  1. 01Conceptual framing
  2. 02Data and method development
  3. 03Multi-scale empirical analysis
  4. 04Planning and policy application
Research Outputs

Publications in Detail

012024
Research Output

Assessing personal screen exposure with ever-changing contexts using wearable cameras and computer vision

Nanxi Su, Zhaoxi Zhang, Jingjia Chen, Wenyue Li, Ying Long

Building and Environment, 261, 111720

Abstract

Electronic screens are ubiquitous in daily life and support everyday activities in different contexts. Moderate screen use is crucial to individuals ’ physical and mental health in modern society, while empirical research has verified the potential of altering psychology and behavioral choices by improving micro-environmental qualities. With the hypothesis that the ever-changing contexts may influence people ’ s screen behavior, this article explores how design interventions in these micro-environments can promote healthier and more balanced screen use. To achieve this, the fundamental step is understanding how people utilize screens in diverse contexts, including indoor and outdoor spaces in free-living scenarios. Despite its importance, current literature offers limited methodologies for precisely examining screen behaviors and their contexts simultaneously. To address this gap, this study proposes an automated method with wearable cameras and Computer Vision technologies to quantify screen exposure and related daily contexts extracted from the collected life-logging images (N = 30,186). “ In - door ” and “ desk ” are found to be positively associated with the occurrence of screen behavior. Conversely, “ greenery, ” “ crowd, ” “ travel, ” and “ food ” exhibit robust and negative relationships with screen exposure. This study offers a new approach to objectively and automatically measure screen exposure, enhancing efficiency and reliability over conventional methods. Moreover, it establishes a replicable framework for future research on broader datasets and informs the fields of architectural and urban design on molding healthier and more balanced screen use among individuals.

Download PDF View DOI
022023
Thesis

公共开敞空间智慧化

李伟健

Source document (2023)

Document Overview

城市公共开敞空间智慧化设计研究 (申请清华大学工学硕士学位论文) 培养单位 : 建筑学院学科 : 城乡规划学研究生 : 李伟健指导教师 : 龙瀛副教授二○二三年五月城市公共开敞空间智慧化设计研究李伟健 Research on Smart Urban Public Open Space Design Thesis submitted to Tsinghua University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Urban and Rural Planning by Li Weijian Thesis Supervisor : Long Ying, Associate Professor May, 2023 学位论文公开评阅人和答辩委员会名单公开评阅人名单梁思思副教授清华大学来源助理教授/特别研究员清华大学答辩委员会名单主席武廷海教授清华大学委员王崇烈教授级高级工程师北京市城市规划设计研究院王英副教授清华大学刘佳燕副教授清华大学龙瀛副教授清华大学梁思思副教授清华大学孙诗萌助理研究员清华大学郑筱津教授级高级工程师北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司秘书耿丹博士研究生清华大学关于学位论文使用授权的说明本人完全了解清华大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即: 清华大学拥有在著作权法规定范围内学位论文的使用权,其中包括:(1)已获学位的研究生必须按学校规定提交学位论文,学校可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存研究生上交的学位论文;(2)为教学和科研目的,学校可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在图书馆、资料室等场所供校内师生阅读,或在校园网上供校内师生浏览部分内容; (3)按照上级教育主管部门督导、抽查等要求,报送相应的学位论文。 本人保证遵守上述规定。 作者签名: 导师签名: 日期: 2023 年月日日期: 2023 年月日

Download PDF
032023
Research Output

智慧化公共空间案例

李伟健等

Source document (2023)

Abstract

Technological developments have had a profound impact on public space and its smar t design. Most of the existing studies focus on a limited number of design case analyses, and there is a lack of systematic large-scale case studies an d reviews. This study attempts to propose a systematic case study methodology for smart public space design, systematically retrieves and sorts out 594 relevant design cases, as well as analyses an d summarizes the multi-dimensional characteristics of different cases. The results show that smart public space design has received wide attention from a variety of social subjects, and its development has been accelerated after 2015, with technologies suc h as photoelectricity/projection/screen display an d machinery/robot/automation widely applied. Design cases are more concentrated on buildings an d facilities of medium or small scales, and buil t environment carriers and urban furniture/facilit y carriers are also used frequently. Ultimately, Smart technologies bring core effects to public space, such as enhancing interactive participation and beautifying 作者简介李伟健、吴其正、黄超逸、胡鸿熙,白颖豪、 刘峰吕、贾洪婷、张嘉宸,清华大学建筑学院; 龙瀛(通讯作者),清华大学建筑学院,清华大学恒隆房地产研究中心,清华大学生态规划与绿色建筑教育部重点实验室。 摘要技术发展对公共空间及其设计的智慧化产生了深刻的影响。现有研究多关注于设计个案分析,缺乏相对系统的大规模案例研究与梳理。文章尝试提出一种适用于智慧化公共空间设计的系统性案例研究方法,系统检索整理得到 594 个相关的设计案例,并分析归纳不同案例间多维度的规律特征。结果表明,智慧化公共空间设计已受到多种社会主体的广泛关注,其在 2015 年后呈现出加速涌现的发展趋势,以光电/投影/屏幕显示以及机械/机器人/自动化为代表的部分智慧技术得到了重点应用。设计案例更多地集中于建筑、设施等中小尺度,并在建成环境载体以及城市家具/设施载体中有较为突出的选择倾向。最终智慧技术为公共空间带来增强互动参与以及美化环境形象等核心作用效果, 并在沉浸式空间营造等应用场景中得到具体体现。 研究期望为未来的智慧化公共空间设计提供参考与启发。 关键词智慧技术;公共空间;空间设计;案例研究; 方法论 1 引言公共空间是面向居民日常使用与社会交往的城市空间,也是城市风貌与意象、地域文脉及场所认知的重要载体(陈竹、叶珉,2009)。在诸如欧盟的《莱比锡宪章》、 联合国的可持续发展目标(Sustainable Developmen t Goals) 、 《新城市议程》以及我国城市更新、美丽街区等政策理念中,打造高质量公共空间在城市发展过程中的重要性均得到突显,其在优化城市功能、提升居民生活质量、 32 | 第1 5卷第1期总第3 9期 the image of the environment, and are reflected i n application scenarios such as immersive space creation. The study expects to provide reference and inspiration for future smart public space design.

Download PDF
042022
Doctoral Dissertation

公共开敞空间

侯静轩

Source document (2022)

Document Overview

居住区公共开敞空间使用模式测度与模拟方法研究 (申请清华大学工学博士学位论文 ) 培养单位 : 建筑学院学科 : 城乡规划学研究生 : 侯静轩指导教师 : 龙瀛副教授二○二二年十月居住区公共开敞空间使用模式测度与模拟方法研究侯静轩 Measurement and Simulation of Public Open Space Usage Patterns in Residential Communities Dissertation Submitted to Tsinghua University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Urban and Rural Planning by Hou Jingxuan Dissertation Supervisor : Associate Professor Long Ying October, 2022 学位论文指导小组、公开评阅人和答辩委员会名单指导小组名单龙瀛副教授清华大学公开评阅人名单刘 XX 教授清华大学陈 XX 副教授 XXXX 大学杨 XX 研究员中国 XXXX 科学院 XXXXXXX 研究所答辩委员会名单主席赵 XX 教授清华大学委员刘 XX 教授清华大学杨 XX 研究员中国 XXXX 科学院 XXXXXXX 研究所黄 XX 教授 XXXX 大学周 XX 副教授 XXXX 大学秘书吴 XX 助理研究员清华大学关于学位论文使用授权的说明本人完全了解清华大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即: 清华大学拥有在著作权法规定范围内学位论文的使用权,其中包括: (1)已获学位的研究生必须按学校规定提交学位论文,学校可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存研究生上交的学位论文;(2)为教学和科研目的,学校可以将公开的学位论文作为资料在图书馆、资料室等场所供校内师生阅读,或在校园网上供校内师生浏览部分内容;(3)根据《中华人民共和国学位条例暂行实施办法》 及上级教育主管部门具体要求,向国家图书馆报送相应的学位论文。 本人保证遵守上述规定。 (保密的论文在解密后遵守此规定) 作者签名: 导师签名: 日期: 日期:

Download PDF
052022
Research Output

空间智能体

李伟健和龙瀛

Source document (2022)

Abstract

在当下城镇化转型与内涵式发展阶段,对于城市公共空间的精细化治理逐渐成为一个重要议题。城市公共空间在一系列颠覆性技术赋能下发生重塑的同时,也面临着数量与质量分布以及治理响应效能等方面的挑战,而新技术发展也给城市公共空间的精细化治理提供了良好机遇。本文以当下城市公共空间面临的问题及相关技术的发展应用趋势为导向,对技术驱动下城市公共空间在感知监测、分析诊断管理以及品质效能提升方面的研究实践进展进行梳理总结的基础上,提出“空间智能体”概念与架构,尝试探讨面向城市公共空间大规模、全覆盖、精细化、低成本的智能化解决方案。从技术驱动视角提升城市公共空间的精细化治理水平,以期为未来多元社会力量高效互联参与城市公共空间治理提供可借鉴的思路。

Download PDF
062021
Research Output

An Exploratory Research on the Correlation Between Screen Time and Walking

CHEN Chun, LONG Ying, HUANG Guikai

Landscape Architecture Frontiers, 9(4), 68

Abstract

With the revolution of information technology greatly changing contemporary’s lifestyle, smartphone becomes a necessity to more and more people, and individuals’ screen time is increasing as people are spending more time on the virtual world. Through literature review, this paper proposes a hypothesis that there is a correlation between smartphone screen time and walking step counts, which is verified through an exploratory research: data of walking step counts and screen usage were widely collected by online and onsite questionnaires, and the analyses reveal that 1) when daily screen time ranges from 4.99 to 15.25 hours, it is negatively correlated with daily walking step counts; 2) the respondents’ average daily screen time is 6.3 hours, more of which (2.8 hours) is spent on social Apps, and their average daily walking step counts are 6,750 (takes nearly 0.8 hour); 3) daily screen time and walking step counts at weekends are less than those on weekdays; 4) people with higher education level, higher income, or younger age use screen less daily; people with higher education level, lower exercise frequency, or younger age walk less daily, so these factors are likely to affect the correlation between daily screen time and daily walking step counts. The correlation of both behaviors and the affecting factors need to be further clarified, and the impact of physical environmental elements on walking also requires more attention.

Download PDF View DOI
072020
Research Output

Quantifying the Usage of Small Public Spaces Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Hou et al.

Source document (2020)

Document Overview

Small public spaces, such as plaza, pocket parks and public spaces in residential communities, as key built environment elements that provide venues for a variety of activities [ 1 — 3 ], may have a major impact on the quality of people’s life and could even potentially contribute to both the physical and mental health of local residents [ 4 ]. Since 1960, a growing group of scholars have realized the significance of small public spaces, and studied on the method to explore the usage of small public spaces. Surveys and interviews are common methods to assess people’s satisfaction or impression of a space [ 5 — 7 ]. The systematic observation [ 8 ] proposed by Barker [ 9 ] is also a classic way to record what people do and how they behave in a particular space. Inspired by Barker and his observation method, Winkel and Sasanoff [ 10 ] and Whyte [ 11 ] used grids to record people’s trajectory in public spaces. Besides, comparative experiments and workshops from psychology are also important methods for studying the relationship between environment and people’s behaviors [ 12 ]. However, most of conventional studies are based on field survey and observation on people’s behaviors, but lack the measurement of the physical environment in the space.

Download PDF
082020
Thesis

城市公共空间价值测度

徐婉庭

Source document (2020)

Abstract

I 摘要 “公共空间”作为城市空间中承载市民生活的重要载体之一, 一直是城市相关领域的关注对象,其价值与意义也不乏在理论上的研究与探讨, 但如何直观地探索人本尺度公共空间的社会意义与其可能衍生的经济效益,目前仍旧缺乏一套有效的研究方式,以致于其实践价值长期以来无法被有效地测度。然而,随着我国家庭迁居的市场化,人们对于居住内、外部空间的质量要求越来越高,房价俨然成为了能有效量化城市空间和其他非市场公共品的指标;与此同时, 互联网与物联网技术的高速发展,也提供了城市研究诸多新兴的材料与手段。在这样的背景下,本文旨在探索如何利用当前新兴的数据与工具, 有效地测度公共空间微观尺度的特征, 并通过基于房价的特征价格模型,对公共空间特征进行价值的量化比较。 本文首先根据文献疏理,将“城市公共空间”定义为存在于城市中建筑实体之间、可供社会大众自由使用且具有一定功能性的的开放空间,并以北京市五环内共计3,857个小区的内部与外部公共空间作为主要观察区域。再通过文献收集,综整利用新数据与技术来提取与量化微观尺度公共空间特征的相关研究,选取小区内、外部的公共空间特征,并借鉴经典的特征价格模型,探讨各内、外部公共空间特征要素与房价之间的影响机制,并进一步通过回归结果推算各公共空间特征变量的边际价格,以更直观的量化方式,探讨不同公共空间特征的价值;最后总结分析结果,突出关键指标,并提出相应的城市空间规划决策。 经过研究实证分析后发现:(1)通过新兴数据提取的微观尺度公共空间特征如:街道形态、街道绿化和失序程度等,都能够显著影响住房均价,其中又以小区周边空间失序程度对房价产生的影响最为显著;(2)研究亦进行了特征价格模型的模型稳健性检验,根据空间自相关性与不同环路间的回归模型结果,验证了研究初步使用的OLS模型结果的可信度与稳健性;(3)研究最后通过边际价格分析,进一步将各公共空间变量对房价产生之影响货币化,更直观地量化不同住房特征对住房价格所造成的实际影响。 最后根据实证分析结果,本文整理了针对相关城市规划设计、 开发与管理部门的政策建议,并总结未来研究可持续拓展之方向。本文通过一系列的实证研究揭示了人本尺度公共空间的具体经济效益,以期支持相关部门能以更细致的视角来认识城市公共空间的价值,并提高相关决策对公共空间的重视性与有效性。

Download PDF